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SC : astronomical phenomena

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jerly_vivek
 Post subject: Re: SC : astronomical phenomena
 Post Posted: Sun Jan 31, 2010 10:43 am 
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Students


Posts: 19
ok. the bottom line:
that “because of” should modify a verb and be followed by a noun/noun phrase.
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RonPurewal
 Post subject: Re: SC : astronomical phenomena
 Post Posted: Sat Feb 27, 2010 5:28 am 
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Posts: 6765
purduesr wrote:
Quote:
"because of" can't follow a form of "to be". it has to follow a normal verb.


What if 'because of' follows relative pronouns such as that, which, etc..?

i.e. which because of, that because of


the way you've punctuated these, they are impossible.

however, if the "because of" modifier is inserted between two commas (and is thus non-essential / removable), it's possible that you could have these words in this order.

here's an example:

the family had traveled 500 miles to ascend into the statue's crown, which, because of heightened security, was closed off when they arrived.

note that "which because of" is NOT a single clause. the basic sentence is just
the family had traveled 500 miles to ascend into the statue's crown, which was closed off when they arrived
...but we've inserted the extra "because of..." clause between two commas.

it's impossible to have "which because of..." as a single clause.

same goes for your other example.
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RonPurewal
 Post subject: Re: SC : astronomical phenomena
 Post Posted: Sat Feb 27, 2010 5:54 am 
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Posts: 6765
tankobe wrote:
purduesr wrote:
Quote:
"because of" can't follow a form of "to be". it has to follow a normal verb.


What if 'because of' follows relative pronouns such as that, which, etc..?

the same question, i am not sure which one can be right?
1# it is because of ...
2# it is because of ...that....
3# it is because ....
4# it is because ....that....
5# it is why.....
6# that is why....


#2 and #4 would make sense.

#1 and #3 don't make sense. in these cases, "it" would have to be a normal pronoun - i.e., it would have to stand for a noun - and "NOUN is because..." is impossible.

i don't think #5 would ever be acceptable. in fact, i don't think "NOUN is why..." could ever work.

#6 can't work, because you're not allowed to use "that" as a standalone noun.
(you can use "that" as a pronoun ONLY if it is part of a parallel structure, i.e., the legacy of Beethoven vs. that of Bach.)
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tankobe
 Post subject: Re: SC : astronomical phenomena
 Post Posted: Wed Mar 03, 2010 3:06 am 
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Prospective Students


Posts: 132
RonPurewal wrote:
tankobe wrote:
"because of" can't follow a form of "to be". it has to follow a normal verb.

#2 and #4 would make sense.

#1 and #3 don't make sense. in these cases, "it" would have to be a normal pronoun - i.e., it would have to stand for a noun - and "NOUN is because..." is impossible.

i don't think #5 would ever be acceptable. in fact, i don't think "NOUN is why..." could ever work.

#6 can't work, because you're not allowed to use "that" as a standalone noun.
(you can use "that" as a pronoun ONLY if it is part of a parallel structure, i.e., the legacy of Beethoven vs. that of Bach.)


hmm! i am sure that i have learned something i did not know before.

_________________
stephen
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akhp77
 Post subject: Re: SC : astronomical phenomena
 Post Posted: Sun Aug 15, 2010 2:54 pm 
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Posts: 114
Hi Ron

Thanks for explanation

I understood that E is better.

E: are caused by the interaction of two stars orbiting each other at close range

I believe that "orbiting each other at close range" is a noun modifier.

Otherwise it would be a problematic because it violates OF + NOUN + ING

So "orbiting" is participial not gerund. Is my understanding right?
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RonPurewal
 Post subject: Re: SC : astronomical phenomena
 Post Posted: Tue Sep 07, 2010 2:45 am 
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ManhattanGMAT Staff


Posts: 6765
akhp77 wrote:
Hi Ron

Thanks for explanation

I understood that E is better.

E: are caused by the interaction of two stars orbiting each other at close range

I believe that "orbiting each other at close range" is a noun modifier.

Otherwise it would be a problematic because it violates OF + NOUN + ING

So "orbiting" is participial not gerund. Is my understanding right?


yes, all correct.

note that it's impossible to have a gerund immediately following a noun. (in fact, it's impossible, across the board, to have two nouns in succession.) therefore, if you see an -ING construction immediately after a noun, then that construction must be a modifier, not a gerund.
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llzzyy234
 Post subject: Re: SC : astronomical phenomena
 Post Posted: Thu Feb 09, 2012 10:02 am 
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Posts: 9
For option B, I already know "may be" is redundant.
I just want to ask if "interaction between two stars that each orbit the other" here "orbit" should be "orbits"?
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