[size=18]SC from PREP2.

Lenders and building managers in the southwestern section of the city report that because of the rental market in the area being renewed, as well as the willingness of the banks to lend money being increased, apartment buildings are being rehabilitated at a pace unseen for a decade.

(A) of the rental market in the area being renewed, as well as the willingness of the banks to lend money being increased
(B) of the renewed rental market in the area, as well as the willingness of banks to lend money increasing
(C) of the renewed rental market in the area and the increased willingness of banks to lend money
(D) the rental market in the area renewed and the willingness of banks to lend money increased, therefore
(E) the rental market in the area was being renewed and banks were increasingly willing to lend money, so

OA is C,
but D looks also OK?

what's the difference between C and D?

Thanks in advance.[/size]

lawrence - you don't need to specify the size of your text in every post, especially not multiple times. thanks.

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before analyzing any of the choices, note that you can totally ignore the words "Lenders and building managers in the southwestern section of the city report that". you can think of this as just introductory text; the grammar of the remaining part of the sentence is exactly the same as it would be if it were standalone.

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there are lots of things wrong with choice (d).
first of all, you can't say "because the rental market in the area renewed". you can't use a participle in this sort of context without an actual verb - for instance, "because the rental market in the area was renewed".
but it makes more logical sense to use "renewed" as an adjective here, anyway: "because of the renewed rental market..."

unlike "increased", "renewed" can't be an intransitive verb: in other words, you can't say "X renewed". intsead, if you're going to use "renewed" as a verb, you have to say "Y renewed X", where Y is the agent that caused the renewal and X was the thing that was renewed. (none of the answer choices uses this structure.)

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you also can't say "because [sentence], therefore [sentence]".

you have 2 viable options:
(1) "because [sentence], [sentence]" (or "because of [noun/phrase], [sentence]")
(2) "[sentence]; therefore, [sentence]" -- note that you CANNOT write "(sentence), therefore (sentence)". placing "therefore" after a comma is strictly british usage.

Dears,

a couple of questions about the option A:

(A) of the rental market in the area being renewed, as well as the willingness of the banks to lend money being increased

1.
although "being renewed" and "being increased" seem awkward, the main sentence uses "are being rehabilitated...".

It seems to me more parallelism....

2.
the original sentence uses "as well as". is it necessary to use "and" here?

Thanks in advance

nope.
first of all, "parallelism" is irrelevant here, since those aren't parallel structures; grammatically, they are in completely different clauses, and, in terms of meaning, they are cause and effect (i.e., not parallel context).

also, the grammar of those structures is incorrect as well, for reasons that are explained here:
post26678.html#p26678



this is not a decision that you are expected to make -- in this context, either of those two phrasings could be legitimate.
in general, "and" is a default preference (because it's simpler) while "as well as" is used when there is some sort of rhetorical reason to do so.
this is not something i've ever seen tested, and i'm basically 100% sure it will never be tested (because the difference is quite subtle, much more subtle than anything that would actually be dispositive in an official gmat problem). so it's nothing to worry about.

Hi instructors ,

I hope , i am understanding properly.

I have a question about the answer choice b).

Is Choice b) incorrect because of the faulty parallelism between renewed ( functioning as an adjective) and increasing ( functioning as an intransitive verb)

Please do let me know your comments.

actually, the problem is worse than that -- this answer choice is trying to use “renewed” as an intransitive verb, which is impossible. (i had to go look up the meaning of “intransitive verb” to answer this question ... heh)
english adjectives don't follow the nouns that they describe (except in some very rare, usually ceremonial, instances such as “attorney general”), so “renewed” is not an adjective in this choice.

Hi Ron,

Can you elaborate a bit more on choice b) ?

Why choice b) is not the best choice for this answer ?

Of course leaving the parallelism issue due to as well as aside.

Btw i also feel that as renewed is modifying the noun (rental market) , it is functioning as an adjective


of the renewed rental market in the area

Please do let me know your comments.

the big problem with that choice is the placement of “increasing”. that word is intended as an adjective modifying “willingness”, so its placement is unacceptable.
as an analogy, consider “because of john's high credit card debt” as opposed to “because of john's credit card debt high”. the second of these is definitely not ok.

(the parallelism in that choice is basically the same as that in the correct answer.)

Thanks Ron !

you're welcome