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-ing form without a comma

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ramesh.kanamatareddy
 Post subject: -ing form without a comma
 Post Posted: Thu Sep 29, 2011 3:14 am 
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Students


Posts: 1
Hi I would like to understand the difference between the below forms.

Main clause ending with a noun + comma + -ing form
Crime has recently decreased in our neighborhood, leading to a rise in property values.

Main clause ending with a noun +No comma + -ing form
Crime has recently decreased in our neighborhood, leading to a rise in property values.


Also,

Main clause ending with a noun +No comma + -ing form
Police have contained crime in our neighborhood using latest technology.

Main clause ending with a noun +No comma + by + -ing form
Police have contained crime in our neighborhood by using latest technology.
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jnelson0612
 Post subject: Re: -ing form without a comma
 Post Posted: Sun Nov 06, 2011 10:27 pm 
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ManhattanGMAT Staff


Posts: 1857
[quote="ramesh.kanamatareddy"]Hi I would like to understand the difference between the below forms.

Main clause ending with a noun + comma + -ing form
Crime has recently decreased in our neighborhood, leading to a rise in property values.

Also,

Main clause ending with a noun +No comma + -ing form
Police have contained crime in our neighborhood using latest technology.

The first sentence shows the result of the decrease of the crime in the neighborhood. This comma+ing form is an adverbial modifier; it is describing the result of the actions described in the clause.

The second sentence seems to have a misplaced modifier. When I have an "-ing" form without the comma, the phrase starting with the "-ing" word is modifying the noun directly before it. Right now "the neighborhood" is being modified by "using (the) latest technology". The correct sentence would be:
Using the latest technology, the police have contained crime in our neighborhood.

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Jamie Nelson
ManhattanGMAT Instructor
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